Sunday, July 5, 2009

Word Differentiation 5

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by all means ---------- by no means



by all means - no matter what measure is taken.


* You must bring him here by all means.

* This project must be realised by all means.

* You should by all means warn him before he leaves for Macau.


by no means - not at all.

* She is by no means bright.

* I will by no means consent.

* The first step will take quite a long time and can by no means accomplished overnight.


Note :- by all means or by no means, the word means is in plural form. We can't omit the ( s ).

By all means also can be used as ' of course ' ' no problem '.


* May I have one ? ---- Yes, by all means ( of course )



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by name ---------- in name


by name - by the name of

* The aeronautical engineering institute has built an airplane, ' Stingray ' by name.

* There was a great poet in China, Qu Yuan by name.

* Someone by the name of Mary wants to see you.


in name - if you say that a situation exists in name only, you mean that it does not have the status or position that it claims to have.


* He is a doctor in name only, he stays in the stock exchange all day long.
Other usages :

* I know him by name.

* He mentioned you by name.



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Close ---------- Near


Close - if one thing or person is close to another, there is only a very small distance between them.


* My house is close to the public library.

* The examination is close at hand.

* She is close with him : They are very close friends.

* First cousins are close relatives.

* His father is close on ninety years of age.


Near - if something is near a place, thing, or person, it is a short distance from them.


* In Hong Kong, residential houses are quite near to the airport.

* Is Tiger Balm Garden near or far ?

* In the near future they can complete this arduous task.



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Decided ---------- Decisive


Decided - clear and definite


* He was quite decided in the matter and no one could stop him.

* They are quite decided about it

* Please give us a decided answer.


Decisive - if a fact, action, or event is decisive, it makes it certain that there will be a particular result.


* The battle of Stalingrad is a decisive one in the Second World War.

* General Patton was known for his decisive manner.

* He has a decisive character.

* Public opinion is decisive on this question.



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Disability ---------- Inability


Disability - lacking ability caused by injury or inherent defect


* He has a disability pension because he lost his legs while he was in the army

* He was always cheerful in spite of his disability

* Facilities for people with disabilities are still insufficient.


Inability - lack of power or means


* His inability to undertake the work is due to his physical disabilities.

* Can you account for your inability to pay the debt ?

* Her inability to concentrate could cause an accident.



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Discover ---------- Invent


Discover - to find out something existing but not yet known


* Columbus discovered America but he did not explore the new continent.

* Modern astronomers have discovered a million such galaxies.

* The circulation of blood was discovered by Harvey.


Invent - to create or design some thing not existing before


* Edison invented the electric light bulb.

* A new-type stethoscope has yet to be invented.

* Don't you know a lie is always invented ?

* We must invent an excuse of being late.



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distinct ---------- distinctive


distinct - well-marked, clearly defined or easily discernible


* The photo you took in Hong Kong Cultural Center is not distinct enough

* She has a distinct pronunciation.

* There is a distinct smell of smoke in my room.


Distinctive - marking or showing a difference


* Can you find the distinctive watermarks of this stamp ?

* Pupils in Hong Kong usually have distinctive badges on their school uniforms.

* One of the distinctive features of this book is its distinct illustrations.

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